Activity 7.3 Control and Coordination
Procedure: Activity 7.3 asks us to identify the endocrine glands from the given figure.
Pineal gland:
The pineal is a pea-pod shaped gland present in the brain region. It secretes Melatonin hormone during the night. It induces sleep so serves as the biological clock of our body.
Hypothalamus:
It secretes hormones that regulate other glands like Pituitary glands, Thyroid Gland.
Pituitary gland:
It is the most important gland of the body. It secretes many hormones which are vital for a human being.
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH): Stimulates thyroid to secrete thyroxin
Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH): In females, It stimulates secretion of Oestrogen.
In males it promotes spermatogenesis in testis.
Luteinizing Hormone (LH): Causes ovulation on the 14th day of the menstruation period. Helps in the formation of Corpus luteum from the leftover part of the ovum.
In males, it promotes secretion of Testosterone by the interstitial cells. So we also call it Interstitial Cell Stimulating Hormone (ICSH).
Prolactin: In females, it promotes the development of breast during pregnancy
Growth Hormone: It has numerous functions. The main role is an increase in metabolism and the increase the height of the body.
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH): Stimulate adrenal gland.
Vasopressin: Increase blood pressure by increasing contraction in blood vessels. It promotes water absorption at collecting duct of the nephron. So we also call it Anti Diuretic Hormone (ADH)
Oxytocin: It helps in relaxing pelvic muscle during parturition (delivery).
It also causes milk secretion during the sucking of the baby.
Thyroid Gland:
It secretes thyroxin hormone. The main function of this hormone is metabolism and brain development in a child.
Parathyroid gland:
It secretes parathormone whose function is to increase blood calcium level. For this, it increases calcium absorption from the gut and promotes resorption of calcium from bones.
Thymus:
It releases thymosin hormone which helps in the maturation of immune cells. It works only upto puberty. After puberty, it degenerates.
Pancrease:
Secretes insulin and glucagon. Insulin decreases blood glucose level and glucagon increases blood glucose level. So, together they balance the sugar level.
Ovary:
It Secretes Oestrogen the primary sex hormones in females.
Testis:
It Secretes Testosterone the Primary sex hormone in males.
Next: Control and coordination MCQ.
Read also: Solved questions form Control and Coordination.
